Combustion apparatus.



NoI4 865,209. PATENTED SEPT. 3, l1907. W. H. RIGKER.

COMBUSTION APPARATUS. I

PPLIoATIox FILED Jun. zo. 1901.

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No. 865,209. PATENTED SEPT. 3, 1907.

i W. H. RICKER.

GOMBUSTION APPARATUS.

APPLIGATION FILED IAR. 20. 1907.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2. Z5

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THE Nonms PETERS co., wAsHmcmN, n4 a UNITED sTATEs WILLIAM H. RIOKER, OFCAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS.

COMBUSTION APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 3, 1907.

Application filed March 20, 1907. Serial NO- 363,373.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. Rrexnn, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, and a resident of Cambridge, in the county of Middlesex andState of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Combustion Apparatus, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to furnaces or heaters adapted to produce hot airfoi heating purposes and has for its object the production of anapparatus in which coal dust and other waste materials are capable ofbeing utilized and in which the air currents are caused to pass throughthe nre-pot in circular currents and through the fresh coal containedtherein to be finally fed into the center of the re.

The invention is an improvement on another invention of mine patentedSept. 18, 1906, No. 831,299.

It consists in certain novel features of construction and arrangement ofparts which will be readily understood by reference to the descriptionof the drawings and to the claims hereinafter given.

Of the drawings: Figure l represents a longitudinal section of a furnaceor heater embodying the features of this invention. Fig. 2 represents atransverse section of the same, the cutting plane being on line 2-2 onFig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow, and Fig. 3 represents aplan of a suction device for forcing heated air and gas in to the massof burning coal.

ln the drawings, 10 represents the wall of the furnace or heater whichis provided near its top with a chamber 1l having an opening at 12through which air is admitted to said chamber, this inlet opening 12being controlled by means of the damper 13. The inlet 12 is at the rearend of the chamber 11, the opposite end of which communicates with adownward passage 14 separated from the fire-pot 15 by the walls 16through which openings 17 extend forming a communication between thefire-pot 15 and thc passage 14.

At the front end of the fire-pot 15 is a perforated casing 18 forming achamber 19, the top of which is slightly below the level of the firedoor 20. To the rear of the k casing 18 is the usual grate 21 upon whichthe burning coals are placed as indicated by the dotted line 22. Freshcoals are inserted into the front end oi the fire-pot as indicated bythe dotted line 23, these coals extending partly over the burning coals22 and over the casing 18, as shown clearly in Fig. l of the drawings.At each side of the fire-pot 15 and extending throughout the lengththereof is a perforated pipe 24, the front end of which is open and hasextending into the mouth thereof a steam nozzle 25, these nozzlesforming a part of the branch pipe 2G extending from the steam pipe 27from any suitable source of supply. v

The back wall 28 of the fire-pot forms with the back wall 29 of thefurnace a chamber 30 into which extends the downwardly nrojecting baiiieplate or wall 31 caus-- chamber 30, making this chamber extremely hotand suitable for roasting metals or for similar purposes. The oppositeend of said pipe 32 communicates with the chamber 34 with which thefront ends of a plurality of pipes 35 communicate. These pipes 35 extendlongitudinally of the chamber 11 from the chamber 34 to the chimney 36and a steam nozzle 37 extends into the mouth of each of the pipes 35,said nozzles communicating with a steam pipe 38 connected with anysuitable source of supply.

` The bottom of the chamber 19 is movable and operated by the handle 39so that any dirt which may collect therein may be readily dumped intothe ashpit 40 beneath the grate 2l.

In the operation of the invention the damper 1 3 is opened suficientlyto admit the required amount of fresh air which passes through thechamber ll to the passage 14, the air passing through the chamberbecoming gradually heated by its proximity to the plurality of heatedpipes 35 through which the products of combustion. are passing to thechimney 36, this passage of the products of' combustion beingfacilitated by the suction created therein by means of the steam nozzles37. As the burning coals. on the grate 2l are all at the rear of thefire-pot and fresh coals only are at the front end, these coals aregradually heated to remove certain of the gases therefrom. lhe fresh airin passing downward through'the passage 14 and through the openings 17will combine with these heated gases and be drawn through theperfor-ations in the casing 18 into the chamber 19 from which thesuction created by the steam nozzles 25 in the pipes 24 will draw themthrough said pipe and emit them through the perforations therein intothe mass of burning coal, thereby greatly facilitating the combustionand providing a ready means of burning small particles of coal and dustwhich would otherwise remain unburned. The action of the heat of theburning coals upon the fresh coal, removing the gases therefrom, causesthe 'fresh coal to be prepared in a better condition for combustion,when it is desired to push these coals backward into the rear end of theiirepot to mix them with the live coals. When this is done a fresh.supply of coal will be placed in the front end of the fire-pot toreplace those removed therefrom.

By such a construction of combustion apparatus as is herein shown andthe methods herein used, not only are all the small particles of carbonutilized and burned but the carbon di-oxid is also prevented from mixingwith the heated gases of the fresh coal and thus destroy-` ing theirusefulness. On the contrary these heated gases are kept in condition tobe utilized to advantage and are delivered to the mass of burning coalat comparatively the same temperature as that of the burning coals, thusavoiding any injurious effect thereon. 5 Moreover all of the hot gasesare utilized in a combustion apparatus oi this construction while bymeans o the suction apparatus used the i'resh air is continuallyadmitted to the re-pot and mixed with the burning carbon therein toconsume the same. The heated gases escaping from the fire-pot intochamber 30 mix with the fresh heated air and gas passing irom the pipe24 and produce in this chamber an intense heat, as has been heretoforedescribed.

It is believed from the foregoing the operation and the many advantagesof an apparatus of this class will be thoroughly understood without anyfurther description.

Having thus described my invention, I claim'.

1. In a combustion apparatus, the combination of a tirepot; means foradmitting air to the front end of said repot; a chamber' at the frontend of said fire-pot communieating therewith by a plurality ofperforations; a perforated pipe extending along each side of saidfire-pot and communicating with the interior of said chamber; and asteam nozzle extending into the mouth of each pipe adapted to draw someof the heated gases directly from said fire-pot through the perforationsin said chamber casing into said chamber' and to force them therefrominto said fire-pot through said pipesA 30 2. In a combustion apparatus,the combination of a tirepot; means for admitting air to .the front endof said tirepot; a chamber at the front end of said fire-potcommunieating therewith by a plurality of perforations; a movable bottomto said chamber; a perforated pipe extendingI along each side of said{ire-pot and communicating with the interior of said chamber; and asteam nozzle extending into the mouth of each pipe adapted to draw someof the heated gases directly from said tire-pot through the perforationsin said chamber casing into said chamber 4 and to force them therefrominto said fire-pot through said pipes.

3. In a combustion apparatus, the combination of a firepot; means foradmitting air to the front end of said firepot; a chamber at the frontend of said fire-pot communieating therewith by a plurality ofperforations means for opening and closing the bottom of said chamber; aperforated pipe extending along each side of said fire-pot andcommunicating with the interior of said chamber; and a steam nozzleextending into the mouth of each pipe adapted to draw some of the heatedgases directly from said fire-pot through the perforations in saidchamber' casing into said chamber and to force them therefrom into saidiire-pot through said pipes.

4. In a combustion apparatus, the combination of a firepot; means foradmitting air to the front end of said firepot; a chamber at the frontend of said fire-pot communieating therewith by a plurality ofperforations; a perforated pipe extending along each side of thefire-pot and communicating with the interior of said chamber; and a 60device within said chamber for creating a suction and adapted to drawsome of the heated gases directly from said tire-pot through theperforations inA said chamber casing into said chamber and to force themtherefrom into said fire-pot through said pipes.

5. In a combustion apparatus, the combination of a firepot; a chamber atthe front end of said tire-pot and communicating therewith by aplurality of-perforations; air .passages surrounding said fire-pot andcommunicating therewith through a plurality of perforations a perforated70 pipe extending along each side of said fire-pot and communicatingwith the interior of said chamber; and a steam nozzle extending into themouth of each pipe adapted to draw some of the heated gases directlyfrom saidy fire-pot through the perforations in said chamber 75casinginto said chamber and to force them therefrom into said fire-potthrough said pipes.

6. In aI combustion apparatus, the combination of a firepot; a chamberabove said fire-pot and separated therefrom; a plurality of pipesextending lengthwise of said chamber and communicating at one end withthe chimney and at the other indirectly with said fire-pot; means foradmitting air to said chamber around said pipes; means for admittingsaid air to the front end of the iire-pot; a perforated chamber at saidfront end'; a perforated pipe extending therefrom at each side of thefire-pot; and a suction device coperating therewith to force air andgases up through the coal in the lire-pot' where combustion is takingplace.

7. In a combustion apparatus, the combination of a firepot; a chamberabove said {ire-pot and separated therefrom; a plurality of pipesextending lengthwise of said chamber and communicating at one end withthe chimney and at the other indirectly with said iire-pot; means foradmitting air to one end of said chamber around said pipes', means foradmitting said air to the front end of the hre-pot from the opposite endof said chamber; a perfoi-ated chamber at said front end; a perforatedpipe extending therefrom at each side of the fire-pot; and a suctiondevice coperating therewith to force air and gases up through the coalin the fire-pot where combustion is taking placeA 8. In a combustionapparatus, the combination of a iirepot; a chamber opening to the air;pipes in said chamber for the passage of the products of colnbustionescaping from said fire-pot; a passage communicating with said chamber;a plurality of openings from said passage to the front of said fire-potabove the unburned coal therein; a second chamber below the unburnedcoal with perforations in its upper wall; conduits communicating withsaid last-mentioned chamber and extending into said firepot; and meanswithin said second chamber to indraw air through said perforations,unburned coal, and air chamber', and force said air through said conduitup through the coal in said fire-pot where combustion is taking place.

9. In a combustion apparatus, the combination of a firepot; a chamberopening to the air; a passage communiv eating with said chamber; aplurality of openings from said passage to the front of' said fire-potabove the unburned coal therein a second chamber below the unburned coalwith perforations in its upper wall; conduits communicating with saidlast-mentioned chamber and extending into said fire-pot; -means withinsaid second chamber to indi-aw air through said perforations, unburnedcoal, and air chamber, and force said air through said conduits upthrough the coal in said fire-pot where combustion is taking place; aseries of pipes leading through said air chamber indirectlycommunicating at one end with the fire-pot; and a steam jet adapted toforce the hot gases from the fire-pot through said pipes.

l0. In a combustion apparatus, the combination of a tire-pot; a chamberopening to the air', pipes in said chamber for the passage of ytheproducts of combustion escaping from said fire-pot; a passagecommunicating with said air chamber', a plurality of openings from saidpassage to the front of said hre-pot above the unburned coal therein; asecondchamber below the unburned coal with perforations in its upperwall; conduits communicating with said last-mentioned chamber andextending into said fire-pot; and a steam jet adapted to draw airthrough said perforations, unburned coal, and air chamber, and force itthrough said conduits to the portion of the fire-pot where combustion istaking place.

11. In tire-pot a combustion apparatus, the combination of a a chamberopening to the air; pipes in said chamber for the passage of theproducts of combustion escaping from said tire-pot; a passagecommunicating with said air chamber; a plurality of openings from saidpassage to the front of said iire-pot above the unburned coal therein; asecond chamber below the unburned coal with perforations in its upperwall; a conduit communieating with said second chamber and havingperforations in one portion admitting air to the coal in process ofcombustion, and in another portion having perforations admitting air tothe flame and gases after said iiame and gases have left the immediatevicinity of the fire-pot; and means within said second chamber to indrawair through said perforations, unburned coal, and air chamber, and forcesaid air through said conduits.

l2. In a combustion apparatus, the combination of a fire-pot; a chamberopeningto the air; pipes in said a passage communicatingA mitting air tothe ame and gases after said ame an'd gases have left the immediatevicinity of the fire-pot; means Within said second chamber to indraw airthrough said perforations, unburhed coal, and air chamber, and forcesaid air through said conduit, and to thoroughly mix said air with saidame and gases.

Signed by me at Boston, Mass., this 16th day of March, 20 1907.

WILLIAM H. RICKER.

Witnesses:

WALTER E. LOMBARD, EDNA C. CLEVELAND.

